Cancer Genetics and Risk Assessment

Many people wonder what their family history means, whether genetic testing is necessary, or what steps, if any, they should take next. Understanding cancer genetics doesn’t mean something is wrong. It’s about gaining clarity, reducing uncertainty, and making informed decisions at your own pace.

Genetic testing is one part of our comprehensive hereditary cancer programme. Through both our Risk Assessment Service and Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Bermuda Cancer and Health Centre provides end-to-end evaluation, testing, counselling and long-term management for individuals at increased genetic risk.

What cancer genetics is

Cancer genetics looks at whether inherited genetic changes may increase the risk of certain cancers. For some people, this information can help guide screening, prevention, or treatment decisions. For others, it can provide reassurance.

Not everyone needs genetic testing. One conversation with a qualified professional can often help determine whether testing is appropriate for you.

When genetics may be worth considering

Genetic counselling or testing may be helpful if:

• Several close family members have had cancer
• Cancer occurred at a younger age than expected
• A family member has had more than one type of cancer
• There is a known inherited cancer gene in your family
• Your doctor has suggested genetics as part of your care

If you’re unsure whether this applies to you, that uncertainty alone is a valid reason to ask.

What to expect from a genetics appointment

A genetics consultation focuses first on listening and understanding.

Appointments may include:

• Reviewing your personal and family medical history
• Discussing whether genetic testing is appropriate
• Explaining what testing can and cannot tell you
• Talking through possible outcomes and next steps

There is no obligation to proceed with testing. Many people find that having clear information helps them feel more grounded, regardless of the decision they make.

After testing

If genetic testing is undertaken, results are discussed carefully and confidentially. You will have the opportunity to ask questions, understand what the results mean for you and your family, and consider next steps with support.

Results do not automatically mean a diagnosis or a treatment plan. Often, they simply help guide future care or screening decisions.

Hereditary Cancer Clinic

Additionally our Hereditary Cancer Clinic provides specialised care for individuals and families identified as having an inherited cancer risk.

If genetic testing confirms a pathogenic variant, or if family history suggests increased hereditary risk, patients are referred to our dedicated clinic for ongoing management and personalised care planning.

Services may include:

• Comprehensive risk assessment and review of family history

• Surveillance planning (breast, ovarian, colorectal and other relevant cancers)

• Risk-reducing strategy discussions

• Coordination with surgical, medical and radiation oncology teams

• Cascade testing recommendations for family members

• Long-term follow-up and care coordination

This clinic ensures that genetic findings are not simply reported, they are translated into clear, actionable medical plans.